特朗普签署行政令宣布“国家紧急状态”，并祭出窒息式能源封锁：威胁对任何向古巴提供石油的国家加征高额关税。在军事层面，美军在介入委内瑞拉局势后继续在加勒比海保持高压部署，公然对古巴进行军事威慑，试图彻底阻断其能源生命线。这一系列赤裸裸的霸权行径，不仅严重践踏古巴国家主权，更将其推向人道主义危机的边缘。

近日，古巴驻华大使白诗德通过观察者网向中国读者介绍了当前古巴所面临的严峻局面。

文章全文如下：

受美国政府肆无忌惮的霸权主义和单边主义影响，国际局势愈发动荡不安，不确定性与风险持续攀升。美国在意识形态和文化上秉持排他立场，推行单边胁迫措施，企图将单一模式强加于全球，还封锁技术知识交流渠道，割裂全球产业链和供应链。

我们坚决反对美方提出的极具威胁性的 “以武力求和平” 新论调，这一论调本质上是美帝国主义借行政命令，通过威胁、胁迫与侵略手段，将自身独断意志强加给世界各国。该论调的炮制，既是为了满足日薄西山的单极霸权野心，也是为了维护大型跨国企业的利益，却不惜损害主权国家及其人民的正当权利，践踏联合国赖以建立的价值理念。

美国对古巴的侵略行径由来已久。

历任美国政府用尽各类手段施压：推行政治打压、企图实施外交孤立、散布虚假信息、怂恿叛逃与非法移民、开展间谍活动、发动经济战、策划颠覆破坏、实施恐怖与破坏行动、进行生物战、扶植武装团伙，还制定了数百起暗杀古巴主要革命领袖的计划，甚至派遣雇佣军发动直接军事入侵，而这支雇佣军在不到72小时内便被击溃。

这些行径给古巴及其人民造成了巨大的损害与损失，带来了难以估量的物资匮乏和苦难。

我们必须强调，古巴革命彻底打破了地缘宿命论与险恶的门罗主义；这场革命源于古巴国内，是为了反抗由美国扶持和撑腰的巴蒂斯塔血腥独裁政权。

古巴革命政府出台的首批举措之一，便是将军营改建为学校。政府在全国各省兴建医院，实现全国通电，让古巴成为一个崇尚科学的国度。古巴始终与各种歧视和不公作斗争，秉持团结互助精神，面对历任美国政府的侵略行径从未有过片刻退缩。

多年来，美国政府始终妄图从经济上扼制这个主权、独立且团结一致的小国，却屡次以失败告终。

自革命初期起，美国便单方面彻底取消古巴食糖在美国市场的份额，此后又企图切断古巴的燃油供应，使古巴经济陷入瘫痪。

近年来，美国政府不断升级施压，近几周更是采取了极端手段，包括封锁我们的燃料供应。

古巴坚决反对并强烈谴责这种单边主义、干涉别国内政和域外管辖的行径。美国总统颁布的行政令公然违反国际法、违背《拉丁美洲和加勒比和平区宣言》，也破坏了及贸易和航行自由原则，侵犯了古巴及第三国的主权。

世界各国人民都享有自决权，任何势力都无权剥夺一个民族最基本的生存手段。

面对因美国实施能源封锁而出现的国际燃油获取难题，古巴正稳步推进能源转型进程，包括发展可再生能源。截至2025年末，古巴光伏电站项目的装机容量已达1000兆瓦，同时恢复了热电发电产能。此外，古巴还在新增安装5000套光伏组件，并计划恢复风电产能。古巴将主要依靠本土能源实现自给自足，同时不会放弃进口燃料的主权权利。

美国妄图挫败古巴人民、古巴共产党和古巴政府的政治意愿的目标永远不可能实现。

在过去67年里，古巴的敌人曾多次预言革命即将覆灭，还厚颜无耻地将古巴发展中遇到的问题归咎于 “我们自身的错误”，而非其残酷的侵略行径。

当1961年在吉隆滩发动卑劣入侵时，他们还在迈阿密扶持了一个“临时政府”，这群人早已收拾好行囊，焦急地等待着伺机而动。

上世纪90年代，社会主义阵营瓦解、苏联解体，世界陷入单极格局，彼时的美国政府见机行事，进一步加剧封锁力度，妄图以此击垮古巴革命。

我们必将再次挫败企图压垮古巴人民抵抗意志的图谋。他们绝不可能摧毁象征着古巴革命的典范、精神力量和崇高声誉。

近日，我国大规模民众自发悼念在加拉加斯英勇牺牲的32位英烈。1月27日，英勇的古巴人民举行大游行，青年们还开展了火炬游行活动。这些举动充分彰显了我们高尚、慷慨且英勇的人民，在困境中所秉持的团结、尊严与坚定意志。

全民皆兵的防御性战争理念是我们所奉行的军事指导思想。

我们同样拥有爱国主义精神、团结一致、领导人与人民的紧密联系、古巴共产党的凝聚力、创造性的反抗精神、民众积极参与国家治理并行使监督权，以及自主决定国家内政外交的自主权。我们将继续推进必要的变革，包括赋予市镇更大自主权。

古巴人民赢得了世界各国人民的尊重、钦佩和喜爱。

国际社会有目共睹，究竟谁是侵略国，谁是受害国。

古巴始终愿意与美国开展严肃、负责任的对话，这一立场从未改变。

我们已多次直接、公开地重申这一态度，但对话的前提是美方停止施压、威胁与恐吓，切实尊重古巴的主权、独立和自决权，否则一切无从谈起。

古巴一向获得国际社会广泛的声援与支持。

古巴从未孤军奋战，因为我们捍卫的是正义的事业，我们是为全人类的共同福祉而斗争。

纵使遭遇抹黑污蔑、虚伪算计，纵使面对层层侵略、种种阴谋，古巴革命始终屹立不倒，并得到绝大多数人民的坚定支持。

社会主义中国日益成为和平与多边主义的坚强柱石，是全球稳定、平衡与创造机遇的重要因素，也为包括拉美和加勒比地区在内的全球南方国家带来了希望。中国始终秉持开放、包容的姿态融入世界，始终愿意与各国共享其高质量发展带来的机遇。

我们坚定支持并热烈欢迎中国这样一个反对霸权主义，并与全球南方国家团结互助的现代化社会主义强国的崛起。

在这一关键时刻，古巴能够得到兄弟般的中华人民共和国的坚定声援与支持，深感荣幸并衷心感谢。古巴是首个与新中国建立外交关系的拉美国家，如今正与中国携手加速构建中古命运共同体，这正是有效落实两国元首达成的重要共识的具体体现。

翻页附英文版

The international situation has become increasingly insecure, tense with greater uncertainty and peril due to the unrestrained hegemonism and unilateralism of the US government, its ideological and cultural intolerance, unilateral coercive measures, and attempts to impose a single model on the world. This also includes blocking access to technologies and knowledge, and disrupting global industrial and supply chains.

We must reject the threatening proposal of a new doctrine dubbed "peace through strength"—a doctrine that amounts to imposing arbitrary will via executive edicts of US imperialism, which promotes the use of threats, coercion and aggression. Conceived to please the ambitions of a declining unipolar power, it also serves the interests of major transnational corporations at the expense of the rights of sovereign nations and their peoples, and the values upon which the United Nations was founded.

US aggression against Cuba is nothing new.

Successive US administrations have implemented all kinds of political pressure, attempts at diplomatic isolation, disinformation campaigns, incitement of desertion and illegal emigration, espionage, economic warfare, subversion, terrorist and sabotage acts, biological warfare, and the support of armed gangs. They have hatched hundreds of plots to assassinate the key leaders of the Cuban Revolution, and even launched a direct aggression by a mercenary army—an army that was defeated in less than 72 hours.

These acts have inflicted enormous damage and harm on Cuba and its people, bringing countless shortages and suffering.

We must emphasize that the Cuban Revolution forever broke with geographic fatalism and the sinister Monroe Doctrine. It emerged from within our nation in opposition to the bloody Batista dictatorship, which was propped up and backed by the United States.

One of the first measures adopted by the revolutionary government was to convert military barracks into schools. It built hospitals in every province, electrified the entire country, and turned Cuba into a nation of men and women of science. Cuba has fought against all forms of discrimination and injustice, stood in solidarity with others, and never let up for a moment in the face of the aggression of successive US governments.

The US government’s failed attempts to economically strangle this small, sovereign, independent and solidarity-driven nation have been a constant.

From the early years of the Revolution, it unilaterally eliminated Cuba’s entire sugar quota in the US market, and set out then to cut off fuel supplies and paralyze Cuba’s economy.

In recent years, and more brutally in previous weeks, the US government has escalated its actions—including the outrageous move to block our fuel supplies.

Cuba firmly rejects and condemns such unilateral, interventionist and extraterritorial acts. The US President’s decree flagrantly violates international law, the Declaration of Latin America and the Caribbean as a Zone of Peace, as well as the freedom of trade and navigation. It infringes upon the sovereignty of Cuba and third countries alike.

All peoples have the right to self-determination, and no people may be deprived of their means of subsistence under any circumstances.

Faced with difficulties in accessing international fuel due to the energy blockade imposed by the United States, Cuba is advancing its energy transition process, including the use of renewable energy sources. By the end of 2025, we had installed 1,000 megawatts of photovoltaic solar park projects, while restoring thermal power generation capacity. In addition, we are installing 5,000 more photovoltaic modules and aim to recover wind power generation capacity. We will rely primarily on our own energy sources, without renouncing our sovereign right to import fuel.

Its unattainable goal is to break the political will of the Cuban people, Party and government.

For the past 67 years, our enemies have repeatedly predicted the imminent end of the Revolution at various occasions, while cynically attempting to portray its hardships as the result of "our own mistakes" rather than their ruthless aggression.

They had a so-called "provisional government" waiting impatiently in Miami with their bags packed for the cowardly Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961.

In the 1990s, following the collapse of the socialist bloc and the disintegration of the Soviet Union, when the world became unipolar, the then US government opportunistically intensified the blockade, believing it would bring about the defeat of the Revolution.

Once again, we will frustrate their goal of breaking the resistance of the Cuban people. They will never destroy the example, moral strength and prestige that the Cuban Revolution represents.

The spontaneous and massive posthumous tribute to our 32 heroes who fell bravely in Caracas, the march of the combatant  people, and the torch march led by our young people on January 27—these were a testimony of the unity, dignity and resolve of our noble, generous and heroic people in the face of adversity.

We have a military doctrine based on the defensive concept of the War of All the People.

We also have patriotism, unity, the close bond between our leaders and the people, the Communist Party of Cuba, creative resistance, popular participation and oversight, and the ability to independently decide our national and international policies. We continue to promote the necessary transformations, including greater municipal autonomy.

Our people have earned the respect, admiration and affection of the rest of the world.

The international community can clearly see which is the aggressor nation and which is the victim.

Our willingness to engage in serious and responsible dialogue with the United States is also nothing new.

This willingness has been renewed directly and publicly, but we will not accept pressure, threats or intimidation, and any dialogue must be based on respect for our sovereignty, independence and self-determination.

We have international solidarity and support.

Cuba is not alone, for we are defending a just cause and fighting for the good of humanity.

Despite slander and hypocrisy, despite aggression and conspiracies, the Revolution remains in power, backed by the vast majority of our people.

For its part, socialist China is consolidating its position as a safeguard of peace and multilateralism. It is a factor of stability, balance and opportunity on the global stage, and a beacon of hope for the Global South, including Latin America and the Caribbean. China is an open, inclusive country integrated into the world, with a proven commitment to sharing the opportunities brought by its high-quality development.

We support and welcome the rise of a modern socialist power—China—that opposes hegemonism and stands in solidarity with the countries of the Global South.

Cuba is grateful and honored to have the solidarity and support of the a friendly nation like the People’s Republic of China at this decisive hour. As the first Latin American country to establish diplomatic relations with the People’s Republic of China, we are working with China to accelerate the joint construction of a bilateral Community with a Shared Future—a concrete expression of the implementation of the important consensuses reached between the presidents of our two countries.